3 ways to self-host MongoDB on Ubuntu

Introduction

MongoDB is an open-source NoSQL database that offers high performance, high availability, and automatic scaling. Self-hosting MongoDB on an Ubuntu server allows you control over your data, custom configuration, and potentially, cost savings. This article explores various ways to self-host MongoDB on an Ubuntu system.

Approach 1: Manual Installation

Manual installation involves downloading the MongoDB community server from the official MongoDB repository and configuring it directly on your Ubuntu machine.

1. Install the MongoDB package directly from the MongoDB repository
2. Configure the MongoDB service to run as a daemon
3. Verify the installation by connecting to the MongoDB service

Commands to run:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install -y mongodb-org
sudo systemctl start mongod
sudo systemctl status mongod
mongo

Notes: This is the most straightforward way to install MongoDB, providing you with the latest stable version. It’s suitable for production environments but requires manual maintenance and updates.

Approach 2: Docker Containerization

Docker is a platform for developing, shipping, and running applications, including MongoDB, inside isolated containers. Using Docker abstracts the operating system dependencies and simplifies deployment and scaling.

1. Install Docker on your Ubuntu system
2. Pull the official MongoDB image from Docker Hub
3. Run a MongoDB container with the desired configurations

Commands to run:

sudo apt-get install docker.io
sudo docker pull mongo
sudo docker run --name mongodb -d mongo
sudo docker ps

Notes: Docker offers clean and rapid deployment, along with portability. However, it adds an additional layer of complexity that requires some Docker understanding.

Approach 3: Using Snap Package Manager

Snap is a package management and deployment system developed by Canonical. It allows you to install MongoDB as a snap which encapsulates all the dependencies.

1. Install snapd if it isn’t already on your system
2. Use snap to install MongoDB
3. Manage the MongoDB snap service

Commands:

sudo apt update
sudo apt install snapd
sudo snap install mongodb
sudo systemctl status snap.mongodb.mongodb.service

Notes: Snap packages are easy to install and auto-update, and they provide sandboxing for additional security. Nonetheless, they might not always hold the latest version of MongoDB.

Conclusion

Choosing the right way to self-host MongoDB on Ubuntu depends on your needs and skills. Manual installation offers fine-grained control, Docker provides great portability and ease of scaling, and snaps deliver sandboxing security and ease of use. Evaluate the importance of control, performance, security, and convenience when making your decision to find the best approach for your situation.